Class DistanceUtils

Equivalent to Degrees2Dist(1, EARTH_MEAN_RADIUS_KM)

The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics says the Earth's mean radius in KM is:

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_radius

The delta longitude of a point-distance. In other words, half the width of the bounding box of a circle.

The latitude of the horizontal axis (e.g. left-right line) of a circle. The horizontal axis of a circle passes through its furthest left-most and right-most edges. On a 2D plane, this result is always from.Y but, perhaps surprisingly, on a sphere it is going to be slightly different.

Calculates the bounding box of a circle, as specified by its center point and distance. reuse is an optional argument to store the results to avoid object creation.

Calculates the degrees longitude distance at latitude lat to cover a distance dist.

Used to calculate a new expanded buffer distance to account for skewing effects for shapes that use the lat-lon space as a 2D plane instead of a sphere. The expanded buffer will be sure to cover the intended area, but the shape is still skewed and so it will cover a larger area. For latitude 0 (the equator) the result is the same buffer. At 60 (or -60) degrees, the result is twice the buffer, meaning that a shape at 60 degrees is twice as high as it is wide when projected onto a lat-lon plane even if in the real world it's equal all around.

Converts degrees (1/360th of circumference of a circle) into a distance as measured by the units of the radius. A spherical earth model is assumed.

Converts a distance in the units of the radius to degrees (360 degrees are in a circle). A spherical earth model is assumed.

Converts a distance in the units of radius (e.g. kilometers) to radians (multiples of the radius). A spherical earth model is assumed.

Calculates the distance between two lat/lng's using the Law of Cosines. Due to numeric conditioning errors, it is not as accurate as the Haversine formula for small distances. But with double precision, it isn't that bad -- allegedly 1 meter.

See Why is law of cosines more preferable than haversine when calculating distance between two latitude-longitude points?

The square of the cartesian Distance. Not really a distance, but useful if all that matters is comparing the result to another one.

Calculates the great circle distance using the Vincenty Formula, simplified for a spherical model. This formula is accurate for any pair of points. The equation was taken from Wikipedia.

The arguments are in radians, and the result is in radians.

Puts in range -90 <= lat_deg <= 90.

Puts in range -180 <= lon_deg <= +180.

Given a start point (startLat, startLon) and a bearing on a sphere of radius sphereRadius, return the destination point.

Converts radians (multiples of the radius) to distance in the units of the radius (e.g. kilometers).

Same as Java's Math.toDegrees(double) but 3x faster (multiply vs. divide). See CompareRadiansSnippet.java in tests.

Same as Java's Math.toRadians(double) but 3x faster (multiply vs. divide). See CompareRadiansSnippet.java in tests.

Return the coordinates of a vector that is the corner of a box (upper right or lower left), assuming a Rectangular coordinate system. Note, this does not apply for points on a sphere or ellipse (although it could be used as an approximation).

Calculate the p-norm (i.e. length) between two vectors

Calculate the p-norm (i.e. length) between two vectors